--- source_url: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axon_Enterprise?utm_source=openai" title: Axon Enterprise - Wikipedia mirrored_at: 2026-08-22T03:02:44.394Z host: en.wikipedia.org cited_in_42a: true mirror_canonical: "https://index.42a.ai/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axon_Enterprise__q__utm_source_openai" --- > **Original source:** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axon_Enterprise?utm_source=openai Axon Enterprise, Inc. Formerly - AIR TASER, Inc. (1993–1998) - TASER International, Inc. (1998–2017) Type [Public](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_company "Public company") [Traded as](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ticker_symbol "Ticker symbol") - [Nasdaq](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasdaq "Nasdaq"): [AXON](https://www.nasdaq.com/market-activity/stocks/axon) - [Nasdaq-100](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasdaq-100 "Nasdaq-100") component - [S&P 500](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S&P_500 "S&P 500") component Founded 1993; 33 years ago Founders - Patrick W. Smith - Thomas P. Smith Headquarters [Scottsdale, Arizona](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scottsdale,_Arizona "Scottsdale, Arizona"), U.S. Key people - Patrick W. Smith ([CEO](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chief_executive_officer "Chief executive officer")) - Joshua Isner ([president](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_\(corporate_title\) "President (corporate title)")) Products - [Body worn cameras](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Body_worn_video "Body worn video") - [Digital evidence](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_evidence "Digital evidence") management - [Electroshock weapons](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electroshock_weapon "Electroshock weapon") Revenue ![Increase](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png?utm_source=en.wikipedia.org&utm_campaign=parser&utm_content=thumbnail) [US$](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_dollar "United States dollar")2.78 billion (2025) [Operating income](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earnings_before_interest_and_taxes "Earnings before interest and taxes") ![Decrease](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/20px-Decrease2.svg.png?utm_source=en.wikipedia.org&utm_campaign=parser&utm_content=thumbnail) US$−62 million (2025) [Net income](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Net_income "Net income") ![Decrease](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/20px-Decrease2.svg.png?utm_source=en.wikipedia.org&utm_campaign=parser&utm_content=thumbnail) US$125 million (2025) [Total assets](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asset "Asset") ![Increase](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png?utm_source=en.wikipedia.org&utm_campaign=parser&utm_content=thumbnail) US$7.00 billion (2025) [Total equity](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equity_\(finance\) "Equity (finance)") ![Increase](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png?utm_source=en.wikipedia.org&utm_campaign=parser&utm_content=thumbnail) US$3.24 billion (2025) Number of employees 5,100 (2025) Website [axon.com](http://axon.com/) **Footnotes** [\[1\]](#cite_note-1) **Axon Enterprise, Inc.** (formerly **TASER International**) is an American company based in [Scottsdale, Arizona](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scottsdale,_Arizona "Scottsdale, Arizona"), that develops weapons and technology products for [military](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military "Military"), [law enforcement](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_enforcement "Law enforcement"), and civilians.[\[2\]](#cite_note-2) Its initial product and former namesake is the [Taser](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taser "Taser"), a line of [electroshock weapons](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electroshock_weapon "Electroshock weapon"). The company has since diversified into technology products for military and law enforcement, including [body-worn cameras](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Body_camera "Body camera"), [dashcams](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dashcam "Dashcam"), [computer-aided dispatch](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer-aided_dispatch "Computer-aided dispatch") software, and Evidence.com, a [cloud](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_computing "Cloud computing")\-based [digital evidence](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_evidence "Digital evidence") platform. As of 2017, body-worn cameras and associated services comprised a quarter of Axon's overall business.[\[3\]](#cite_note-huffingtonpost-axton-3) In 1969, [NASA](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NASA "NASA") researcher [Jack Cover](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Cover "Jack Cover") began to develop a [non-lethal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-lethal_weapon "Non-lethal weapon") electric weapon to help police officers control suspects, as an alternative to firearms.[\[4\]](#cite_note-4) By 1974, Cover had completed the device, which he named the _[Tom Swift](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom_Swift "Tom Swift") Electric Rifle_ (TSER), referencing the 1911 novel _[Tom Swift and his Electric Rifle](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom_Swift_and_his_Electric_Rifle "Tom Swift and his Electric Rifle")_. Cover later added an _A_ to the acronym to form _[TASER](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taser "Taser")_.[\[5\]](#cite_note-5) The Taser Public Defender used [gunpowder](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smokeless_powder "Smokeless powder") as its propellant, which led the [Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bureau_of_Alcohol,_Tobacco_and_Firearms "Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms") to classify it as a [firearm](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firearm "Firearm") in 1976,[\[6\]](#cite_note-stunning_revelations-6)[\[7\]](#cite_note-CPSC_236-7) a decision that limited sales.[\[8\]](#cite_note-lat-jack-dies-8) Cover's company, Taser Systems Inc., collapsed due to low sales.[\[8\]](#cite_note-lat-jack-dies-8) In 1993, Rick and Tom Smith (CEO [Set Jet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Set_Jet "Set Jet")) formed AIR TASER, Inc. to, with Cover, design a version of the device that would use compressed nitrogen instead of gunpowder as a propellant.[\[9\]](#cite_note-nyt-coverdied-9)[\[10\]](#cite_note-policeone-history-10) During development, the company faced competition from another vendor, Tasertron, whose product had become associated with its alleged ineffectiveness during the police confrontation of [Rodney King](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodney_King "Rodney King").[\[11\]](#cite_note-citylab-taser-11) After nearly going bankrupt marketing other products such as an electroshock-based [anti-theft system](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-theft_system "Anti-theft system") for automobiles known as "Auto Taser" in 1997,[\[12\]](#cite_note-nyt-bodycams-12) the company, later renamed TASER International, introduced its TASER M26 weapon in 1999.[\[11\]](#cite_note-citylab-taser-11) In 2001, TASER International had an [initial public offering](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Initial_public_offering "Initial public offering") with a $6.8 million deficit; its first ticker symbol was "TASR".[\[11\]](#cite_note-citylab-taser-11)[\[13\]](#cite_note-13) The company began offering to pay police officers to train others on how to use their products. This marketing technique helped enhance the company's market share, reaching $24.5 million in net sales by 2003, and nearly $68 million in 2004.[\[11\]](#cite_note-citylab-taser-11) TASER International acquired Tasertron. Patent lawsuits by TASER International led to the shutdown of Stinger Systems and its successor company, Karbon Arms; Robert Gruder founded both companies. Despite the controversies that have centered around the products (including deaths attributed to taser usage), the company maintained its dominant market position.[\[14\]](#cite_note-verge-karbonarms-14) TASER paid millions in settlements for the death of suspects who had been tased.[\[15\]](#cite_note-15) ### Pivot to bodycams and law enforcement technology \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Axon_Enterprise&action=edit§ion=2 "Edit section: Pivot to bodycams and law enforcement technology")\] In 2005, TASER International began to offer an accessory for its taser products, TASER Cam, which added a grip-mounted camera that activated automatically when the safety was disengaged. By October 2010, at least 45,000 TASER Cams had been sold.[\[16\]](#cite_note-16)[\[17\]](#cite_note-wshu-tasercam-17) In 2008, the company unveiled its first body-worn camera, the Axon Pro. It was designed to be head-mounted, and upload footage for online storage on a web-based service known as Evidence.com. TASER's CEO Rick Smith explained that the products were designed to "help provide revolutionary digital evidence collection, storage and retrieval for law enforcement".[\[18\]](#cite_note-gizmodo-bodycams-18) The company piloted Axon Pro in various small cities and towns.[\[18\]](#cite_note-gizmodo-bodycams-18) In 2009, after prosecutor Daniel Shue exonerated Fort Smith police officer Brandon Davis based on footage from an Axon Pro camera, both Davis and Shue began to provide testimonials for the product in its marketing.[\[18\]](#cite_note-gizmodo-bodycams-18) Especially in the wake of the [Michael Brown shooting](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Brown_shooting "Michael Brown shooting"), the company's body-worn camera business saw significant growth. Smith argued that the company was "not just about weapons, but about providing transparency and solving related data problems."[\[12\]](#cite_note-nyt-bodycams-12) In April 2013, the Rialto Police Department released the results of a 12-month study on the impact of on-officer video using Axon Flex cameras. The study found an 88% drop in complaints filed against officers and nearly a 60% reduction in officer use-of-force incidents.[\[19\]](#cite_note-19) TASER opened an office in Seattle in 2013,[\[20\]](#cite_note-20) and a foreign office in [Amsterdam](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam "Amsterdam"), Netherlands in May 2014.[\[21\]](#cite_note-21) In June 2015, the company announced the formation of a new Seattle-based division known as Axon, which would encompass the company's technology businesses, including body-worn cameras, digital evidence management, and analytics. Rick Smith explained that the branch was inspired by [Microsoft](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft "Microsoft")'s use of the [Xbox](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xbox "Xbox") brand to branch into entertainment businesses, stating that "Axon was the name that we used for selling cameras historically, but we realized that brand had the room to grow and encompass all of our connected technologies." The Taser brand would still be used for the company's weapons products.[\[22\]](#cite_note-22)[\[23\]](#cite_note-23) On April 5, 2017, TASER rebranded as Axon to reflect its expanded business. The company also announced an intent to offer free one-year trials of its body-worn camera products and Evidence.com services to U.S. law enforcement agencies. While the Taser product line still contributes to a significant portion of its revenue, the company's technologies business had seen major gains.[\[24\]](#cite_note-verge-taserrename-24) As of 2017, they comprised a quarter of the company's business, while Axon cameras had a market share of 85% among police departments in the United States' major cities.[\[3\]](#cite_note-huffingtonpost-axton-3) The rebranding was also intended to help distance the company from the negative stigma surrounding the Taser brand, with Smith acknowledging that they were "a bit of a distraction" when recruiting employees for its technology business.[\[3\]](#cite_note-huffingtonpost-axton-3) In May 2018, Axon acquired competitor VieVu for $4.6 million in cash and $2.5 million in common stock.[\[25\]](#cite_note-ringle-25) In 2022, an Ontario police officer was shot and killed with an Axon body-worn camera recording the death. This was the first case of a Canadian police officer being fatally shot while wearing a body camera.[\[26\]](#cite_note-26)[\[27\]](#cite_note-27) Axon's cloud services division accounts for 40% of the company's 2024 revenue.[\[28\]](#cite_note-28) In November 2025, Axon agreed to acquire [Carbyne](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbyne_\(company\) "Carbyne (company)") for $625 million in cash, intending to integrate Carbyne's AI-powered 911 technology into Axon's public safety ecosystem to enhance connected response capabilities.[\[29\]](#cite_note-29) Taser's original body-worn camera, the Axon Pro, was introduced in 2009.[\[12\]](#cite_note-nyt-bodycams-12) The camera consists of three components, a head-mounted camera, a controller, and a monitor to review video recordings.[\[30\]](#cite_note-30) In addition to body-worn cameras, Axon also offers interview room and in-car video systems, known as Axon Interview and Axon Fleet respectively. These systems, like the body-worn cameras, integrate with the Evidence.com service.[\[31\]](#cite_note-31)[\[32\]](#cite_note-32) ### Automated License Plate Readers \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Axon_Enterprise&action=edit§ion=6 "Edit section: Automated License Plate Readers")\] In April 2025, Axon announced it would begin offering pole-mounted [automated license-plate reader](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automatic_number-plate_recognition "Automatic number-plate recognition") (ALPR) systems, as well as a method for retrofitting streetlights with similar technology.[\[33\]](#cite_note-33) Following backlash to ALPRs produced by [Flock Safety](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flock_Safety "Flock Safety"), some cities in the United States (such as [Denver](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denver "Denver")) have opted to cancel their contracts with Flock and opt for Axon manufactured ALPRs.[\[34\]](#cite_note-34) Evidence.com is a cloud-based digital evidence management system that allows law enforcement agencies to manage, review, and share digital evidence, particularly video evidence captured with Axon-branded cameras.[\[12\]](#cite_note-nyt-bodycams-12) It includes an automated [redaction](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redaction "Redaction") tool, audit trails for [chain of custody](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chain_of_custody "Chain of custody") purposes, and integrated evidence sharing features.[\[35\]](#cite_note-:0-35) A free application is offered specifically for prosecutors to receive and manage digital evidence.[\[35\]](#cite_note-:0-35) Draft One uses [GPT-4o](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPT-4o "GPT-4o")[\[36\]](#cite_note-w1-36) to assist with the production of traditional written police reports. It uses an officer's [body-worn audio recording](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Police_body_camera "Police body camera") to produce a transcript and summary of a reportable incident.[\[37\]](#cite_note-:2-37) The software allows departments to insert unrelated claims into police reports which officers are expected to remove. However, some departments disable this feature. Axon claims that Draft One does not [hallucinate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hallucination_\(artificial_intelligence\) "Hallucination (artificial intelligence)") and saves 30-40% of police officers' time. Independent investigations have proven Draft One does hallucinate and challenged the reported time savings.[\[36\]](#cite_note-w1-36) Two [mobile apps](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_app "Mobile app") integrate with the Axon cameras and Evidence.com. Axon View can be paired with an Axon body-worn camera to review, tag, and stream videos from the camera.[\[38\]](#cite_note-38) The app can give an officer instant replay and on the spot evidence. This evidence can be crucial for officers and prosecutors. A new feature they added was [GPS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Positioning_System "Global Positioning System") tagging. Officers can automatically map video evidence with real-time tagging of metadata.[\[39\]](#cite_note-39) Axon Capture is an app that can be used to capture audio, photo, and video evidence and upload it to Evidence.com using an officer's mobile phone.[\[40\]](#cite_note-40) Axon Signal is a range of products that are designed to automatically trigger recordings on Axon cameras in response to certain events, such as Signal Vehicle (which can trigger after the opening of doors or activation of sirens), Signal Performance Power Magazine (a successor to the TASER Cam accessory that triggers recordings when a Taser is armed), and Signal Sidearm (a sensor for [handgun holsters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Handgun_holster "Handgun holster") which triggers recording when the gun is removed).[\[41\]](#cite_note-ars-axonsignal-41) Axon Citizen is a cloud-based software solution that allows non-law enforcement personnel to share and upload information, including photos and video, directly to a law enforcement agency.[\[42\]](#cite_note-42)[\[43\]](#cite_note-43) Agencies are able to send links to any user, allowing them to upload evidence remotely.[\[44\]](#cite_note-:1-44) This functionality is supported by Axon's Evidence.com evidence management system.[\[44\]](#cite_note-:1-44) The product is described as incident-based system that seeks to "structure" and "streamline" the collection of [crowd-sourced](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crowdsourcing "Crowdsourcing") evidence.[\[45\]](#cite_note-45) ## Incidents and concerns \[[edit](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Axon_Enterprise&action=edit§ion=13 "Edit section: Incidents and concerns")\] Axon has been identified as a chief proponent of the controversial diagnosis of [excited delirium](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Excited_delirium "Excited delirium") for the panicked stages of hypoxia, a cause of death that is seen only in people restrained by law enforcement, often after having been Tasered, and is widely thought to be a cover for [positional asphyxia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positional_asphyxia "Positional asphyxia").[\[46\]](#cite_note-Reuters-46)[\[47\]](#cite_note-xs1Zd-47)[\[48\]](#cite_note-VmPOr-48) The company has noted that it has lost two product liability lawsuits: > This lawsuit represents the fifty-ninth (59th) wrongful death or injury lawsuit that has been dismissed or judgment entered in favor of TASER International. This number includes a small number of police officer training injury lawsuits that were settled and dismissed in cases where the settlement economics to TASER International were significantly less than the cost of litigation. One of these cases is that on Feb. 15, 2006, one officer Officer accidentally discharged TASER device on his daughter.[\[49\]](#cite_note-49) TASER International has lost two product liability lawsuits.[\[50\]](#cite_note-50) On June 6, 2008, the company lost its first product-liability suit.[\[51\]](#cite_note-51) The damages were reduced in the Court of Appeals in 2011.[\[52\]](#cite_note-52) TASER lost its second product liability suit.[\[53\]](#cite_note-53) In 2007, Polish immigrant [Robert Dziekański](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Killing_of_Robert_Dzieka%C5%84ski "Killing of Robert Dziekański") died in custody at the [Vancouver International Airport](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vancouver_International_Airport "Vancouver International Airport") after [Royal Canadian Mounted Police](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Canadian_Mounted_Police "Royal Canadian Mounted Police") (RCMP) officers used a Taser on him multiple times. A provincial inquiry found the use to be unjustified, and in 2013, the British Columbia Coroners Service ruled the death to be a [homicide](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homicide "Homicide")—citing a [heart attack](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_attack "Heart attack") caused by the repeated jolts as cause of death. The incident provoked inquiries into law enforcement taser use in Canada.[\[54\]](#cite_note-54)[\[55\]](#cite_note-55) In 2008, [CBC News](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CBC_News "CBC News") found that TASER X26 models manufactured before 2005 had a faulty fail-safe system.[\[56\]](#cite_note-56) In 2015, it was discovered that several TASER International employees had [review bombed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Review_bomb "Review bomb") listings on [Amazon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_Prime_Video "Amazon Prime Video") and [iTunes Store](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ITunes_Store "ITunes Store") for _Killing Them Safely_, a documentary film by Nick Berardini which documented and investigated major incidents that resulted from taser usage.[\[57\]](#cite_note-Fox-Brewster-57)[\[58\]](#cite_note-Mills-58)[\[59\]](#cite_note-Swaine-59) In January 2016, TASER International was sued by Digital Ally for [infringing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patent_infringement "Patent infringement") its two U.S. patents on the automatic activation of law enforcement body-worn cameras. TASER International called the suit "frivolous and egregious".[\[60\]](#cite_note-fool-digitalallypatent-60) In 2017, a California criminal defense lawyer noted that the Evidence.com [terms of service](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terms_of_service "Terms of service") gives the company a "non-exclusive, transferable, irrevocable, royalty-free, sub-licensable, worldwide license" to use photos and videos uploaded by its users, which may violate [California privacy law](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_Online_Privacy_Protection_Act "California Online Privacy Protection Act"), especially in regards to data involving juveniles.[\[61\]](#cite_note-61) In January 2020, the [Federal Trade Commission](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Trade_Commission "Federal Trade Commission") (FTC) sued Axon to block its acquisition of VieVu, alleging that it would reduce competition in a concentrated market. Axon responded by suing the FTC, claiming that the structure of the FTC was unconstitutional in _[Axon Enterprise, Inc. v. Federal Trade Commission](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axon_Enterprise,_Inc._v._Federal_Trade_Commission "Axon Enterprise, Inc. v. Federal Trade Commission")_. In 2023, the FTC withdrew its complaint against Axon.[\[62\]](#cite_note-:3-62) In June 2022, after Axon proposed a plan for [taser](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taser "Taser")\-armed [drones](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unmanned_aerial_vehicle "Unmanned aerial vehicle") to stop school shootings, Axon's [institutional review board](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institutional_review_board "Institutional review board") expressed disagreement with the plan[\[63\]](#cite_note-63) and issued a unanimous statement of concern.[\[64\]](#cite_note-64) Nine members of the board resigned.[\[65\]](#cite_note-65) In November 2023, three US cities filed a proposed [class action](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Class_action "Class action") [antitrust](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Competition_law "Competition law") lawsuit against Axon, alleging that the company engaged in [anticompetitive conduct](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-competitive_practices "Anti-competitive practices") and abused its [market power](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Market_power "Market power") by forcing cities to pay inflated prices for body cameras.[\[62\]](#cite_note-:3-62) 1. [↑](#cite_ref-1) ["Axon Enterprise, Inc. 2025 Annual Report (Form 10-K)"](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/0001069183/000162828026011360/axon-20251231.htm). [U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._Securities_and_Exchange_Commission "U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission"). February 25, 2026. 2. [↑](#cite_ref-2) ["Military Operations"](https://www.axon.com/industries/federal/military-operations). _www.axon.com_. 3. [1](#cite_ref-huffingtonpost-axton_3-0) [2](#cite_ref-huffingtonpost-axton_3-1) [3](#cite_ref-huffingtonpost-axton_3-2) Reilly, Ryan J.; Wing, Nick (April 5, 2017). ["The Company Formerly Known As Taser Goes All In On Police Body Cameras"](https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/taser-axon-body-cameras_us_58e3d79ce4b0f4a923b29722). _[The Huffington Post](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Huffington_Post "The Huffington Post")_. AOL. Retrieved April 6, 2017. 4. [↑](#cite_ref-4) Langton, Jerry (December 1, 2007). ["The dark lure of 'pain compliance'"](https://www.thestar.com/news/2007/12/01/the_dark_lure_of_pain_compliance.html). _Toronto Star_. Retrieved December 1, 2007. 5. [↑](#cite_ref-5) Purpura, Philip P. (1996). [_Criminal justice : an introduction_](https://books.google.com/books?id=P8-oSPHlHXoC). Boston: Butterworth-Heinemann. p. 187\. [ISBN](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_\(identifier\) "ISBN (identifier)") [978-0-7506-9630-2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7506-9630-2 "Special:BookSources/978-0-7506-9630-2"). 6. [↑](#cite_ref-stunning_revelations_6-0) Talvi, Silja J. A. (November 13, 2006). ["Stunning Revelations"](https://web.archive.org/web/20061205193011/http://www.inthesetimes.com/site/main/article/2894/). _In These Times_. Archived from [the original](http://www.inthesetimes.com/site/main/article/2894/) on December 5, 2006. Retrieved December 17, 2006. 7. [↑](#cite_ref-CPSC_236_7-0) ["Jurisdiction over the Taser Public Defender (#236)"](https://web.archive.org/web/20080910070837/http://www.cpsc.gov/LIBRARY/FOIA/advisory/236.pdf) (PDF). [U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._Consumer_Product_Safety_Commission "U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission"). March 22, 1976. Archived from [the original](https://www.cpsc.gov/LIBRARY/FOIA/advisory/236.pdf) (PDF) on September 10, 2008. Retrieved July 23, 2008. 8. [1](#cite_ref-lat-jack-dies_8-0) [2](#cite_ref-lat-jack-dies_8-1) Woo, Elaine (February 13, 2009). ["Jack Cover dies at 88; scientist invented the Taser stun gun"](https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2009-feb-13-me-jack-cover13-story.html). _[Los Angeles Times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times "Los Angeles Times")_. Retrieved June 24, 2019. 9. [↑](#cite_ref-nyt-coverdied_9-0) Weber, Bruce (February 16, 2009). ["Jack Cover, 88, Physicist Who Invented the Taser Stun Gun, Dies"](https://www.nytimes.com/2009/02/16/us/16cover.html). _The New York Times_. Retrieved April 8, 2017. 10. [↑](#cite_ref-policeone-history_10-0) ["Police History: How a NASA scientist invented the TASER"](https://www.policeone.com/police-products/less-lethal/TASER/articles/164475006-Police-History-How-a-NASA-scientist-invented-the-TASER/). _PoliceOne_. Retrieved April 8, 2017. 11. [1](#cite_ref-citylab-taser_11-0) [2](#cite_ref-citylab-taser_11-1) [3](#cite_ref-citylab-taser_11-2) [4](#cite_ref-citylab-taser_11-3) ["One Company Supplies Tasers to Virtually Every Police Department in the U.S."](http://www.citylab.com/crime/2015/12/one-company-supplies-tasers-to-virtually-every-police-department-in-the-us/420369/) _Bloomberg_. The Atlantic. December 14, 2015. Retrieved April 8, 2017. 12. [1](#cite_ref-nyt-bodycams_12-0) [2](#cite_ref-nyt-bodycams_12-1) [3](#cite_ref-nyt-bodycams_12-2) [4](#cite_ref-nyt-bodycams_12-3) Gelles, David (July 12, 2016). ["Taser International Dominates the Police Body Camera Market"](https://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/13/business/taser-international-dominates-the-police-body-camera-market.html?_r=0). _The New York Times_. Retrieved April 8, 2017. 13. [↑](#cite_ref-13) Frankel, Matt (January 22, 2025). ["If You'd Invested $10,000 in Axon Enterprise Stock 24 Years Ago at its IPO, Here's How Much You'd Have Today"](https://www.nasdaq.com/articles/if-youd-invested-10000-axon-enterprise-stock-24-years-ago-its-ipo-heres-how-much-youd-have). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20260729203409/https://www.nasdaq.com/articles/if-youd-invested-10000-axon-enterprise-stock-24-years-ago-its-ipo-heres-how-much-youd-have) from the original on July 29, 2026. 14. 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"Ex-Albuquerque Police Chief Accused of Violating Ethics Laws in Auditor's Report" _The Wall Street Journal_. April 30, 2015. - [Official website](https://www.axon.com/) - Business data for Axon Enterprise, Inc.: - [Google](https://www.google.com/finance/quote/AXON:NASDAQ) - [Reuters](https://www.reuters.com/markets/companies/AXON.O) - [SEC filings](https://www.sec.gov/cgi-bin/browse-edgar?action=getcompany&CIK=1069183) - [Yahoo!](https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/AXON)